1. Confirmation Bias: Only accepting facts confirming existing beliefs.
2. Sunk Cost Fallacy: Continuing a bad path due to past unrecoverable investment.
3. Straw Man: Exaggerating an opponent's point to defeat a caricature.
4. Ad Hominem: Attacking the person's character instead of their argument.
5. False Dilemma: Claiming only two extreme choices exist when nuances remain.
6. Dunning-Kruger Effect: Beginners overestimating their mastery.