🚰 Water Hardness (LSI) Lab

Assess water hardness and mineral stability using the Langelier Saturation Index ($\text{LSI} = \text{pH} - \text{pH}_s$) and Ryznar Stability Index ($\text{RSI}$). Predict calcium carbonate precipitation scaling vs acidic pipe corrosion.

°C
mg/L as CaCO₃
mg/L as CaCO₃
mg/L (ppm TDS)
Langelier Index (LSI)
+0.12
Saturation pH_s = 7.48
Water Behavior
BALANCED / STABLE
Equilibrium with CaCO₃
Ryznar Index (RSI)
7.36
$2\text{pH}_s - \text{pH}$
Hardness Classification
HARD WATER
10.5 grains/gal (gpg)
✅ Optimal Chemistry: Water will neither corrode pipes nor form excessive mineral scale.